Tag: Research Security

Belgian universities maintain a dense web of cooperation with Chinese partners, ranging from institutional agreements and student (and sometimes staff) mobility to joint research and teaching programs. These links have expanded over the past two decades alongside broader internationalization strategies, growing student flows and China’s rising research capacity. In recent years, however, European and Belgian… Continue reading Belgium: A fragmented landscape of academic cooperation and research security

Sweden’s first academic exchanges with China took place in 1918, with the inaugural engagement with the People’s Republic of China following in 1952. Modern-era academic interactions expanded in the mid-2000s, fueled by bilateral agreements on science, technology, and higher education. However, Sweden’s academic links began to slow in the late 2010s, reflecting heightened diplomatic tensions and growing… Continue reading Sweden: From Confucius Institutes to structured research security

Estonia, the smallest Baltic state with only 1.3 million inhabitants, hosts 18 higher education institutions, including public universities, universities of applied sciences, a private university, and scientific research institutes. Given the limited exchanges between Estonia and China at the state level, fewer than half of these institutions have engaged in cooperation with Chinese counterparts. Although… Continue reading Estonia: A blind spot for risks in a tech-focused partnership with China

The UK hosts one of the world’s most reputable higher education sectors. With a strong emphasis on world-class research and international partnerships, the academic rigor and global prestige of British universities have attracted students and collaborations from around the world. The People’s Republic of China (PRC) is one of the UK’s most important academic partners, second only… Continue reading United Kingdom: Opaque research ties, hidden CCP influence at the expense of a large Chinese student diaspora